USB Mic (e.g. Fifine K669B or Blue Yeti)
or XLR Mic + Audio Interface (for better quality)
Only needed if using XLR mic (e.g. Focusrite Solo, Behringer UMC22)
Closed-back studio headphones (e.g. ATH-M20x or Samson SR850)
Free: Audacity, Cakewalk
Paid (but worth it): Reaper, FL Studio, Ableton Live Intro
Cheap combo kits work great to start
Acoustic foam or blankets for sound control
MIDI keyboard (for beatmakers)
Monitor speakers (if you outgrow headphones)
Under $150: USB mic + free DAW + basic headphones
Under $500: Full setup with XLR mic, interface, headphones, and DAW